Immigration law requires employers to verify that all employees (both U.S. citizens and aliens) meet certain requirements. Within three days of the new employee
starting work, you must fill out a I-9 Federal Government form on each employee hired. You must retain these forms for three years. For international staff on an
Exchange Visitor Visa, you will ask to see the following forms which participants have in their possession: to prove identity - exchangee's passport (pages listing vital
statistics and J-1 visa stamp) to prove work a. pink copy of DS-2019 form which allowed eligibility exchangee to apply for J-1 visa
b. white I-94 form stapled into
passport - gives J-visa status and authorized length of stay. In Section I of the form, check the third box and indicate the dates as listed in Section 3 of the Form DS-2019.
Indicate the number printed on the Form I-94. You and the participant sign the form. You should make photocopies.
A. Taxpayer Identification Numbers
All nonresident aliens participating in the YMCA's exchange visitor's programs must apply for U.S. Taxpayer Identification
Numbers (TIN) at the nearest Social Security Office. However, because the IRS requires that a Form W-4 Employee's Withholding Allowance Certificate be completed upon starting
employment, and the ICCP camp staff may not yet have a TIN, the words "nonresident alien" may be filled in on the W-4 form in the place of the social security number. Should the ICCP
camp staff not yet have received a TIN before the end of camp, the words "nonresident alien" should continue to be used on all tax reporting forms.
B. Social
Security and Federal Unemployment Withholding
All nonresident alien J-1 visa program participants are exempt from both FICA and FUTA taxes. The IRS does not have a
form for use in claiming these exemptions. Employers should attach a statement to both their Form 940 (FICA tax return) and Form 941 (FUTA tax return) stating that the participants
are not subject to FICA or FUTA withholding due to their J-1 visa status.
C. Federal Income Tax Withholding
(The following information is valid only for
international summer camp staff participating on ICCP's four month J-1 visa program. Other tax rules apply for participants on longer YMCA exchange visitor programs.)
Employers must require all ICCP participants to complete IRS Form W-4. International staff in the United States on a J-1 visa must check "Single" in box 3 of the Form W-4 regardless
of their actual marital status. Likewise, they may only claim one withholding allowance on line 5 (except participants from Canada, Mexico, American Samoa, Korea, Japan, or India
who may claim additional personal exemptions due to tax treaties).
In this case the withholding amount will be $0.
However, the IRS has added a
complication. IRS publication 515 instructs employers to withhold $7.60/week because the J-1 visa program participant may not claim the standard deduction on the U.S. income tax
return. Most ICCP participants will get this $7.60/week back after they file a U.S. Tax Return.
Many camp directors have asked whether they really need to withhold
this additional $7.60/week. This requirement appears only in IRS Publication 515 and in no other place in the Internal Revenue Code or the Treasury regulations. Employers do not
have to withhold tax if they can show it has already been paid elsewhere. Camps electing not to withhold the additional $7.60/week should keep careful records showing the ICCP
participant will not receive compensation in the United States in excess of the amount of the personal exemption they may claim. For 1995 this amount is $6.85 times the total number
of days the participant will be in the United States during the calendar year. As with all records relating to taxes, this information should be kept for three years.
If you are unsure whether the international staff will earn more than the personal exemption amount of $6.85/day for each day they are in the United States during 1995 or you are
unsure of how many days the international staff will actually be in the country, withhold the $7.60/week.
For tax purposes, a participant's taxable income includes
all pocket money, wages, and stipends. It does not include: value of meals and lodging provided by the employer during the time of employment, travel expenses for business purposes,
or value of employer-provided health and accident insurance.
D. International Treaties Effecting Withholding Taxes
Some ICCP participants are
from countries which have negotiated agreements with the United States exempting income earned here from U.S. taxes. A participant wishing to claim exemption from U.S. Federal
withholding tax must give the employer an IRS Form 8233 detailing the tax treaty under which he or she is claiming this exemption. The employer does not honor this exemption until
Form 8233 and the claim is verified by the employer. IRS Publication 901 discusses tax exemptions provided by international treaties.